The effect of the dopamine antagonist sulpiride on FSH secretion and onset of reproductive activity in anoestrous mares under different environmental conditions was investigated. In Expt 1, sulpiride (0.5 mg (-)-sulpiride kg(-1) twice a day) had no affect on FSH pulse frequency, mean FSH concentration, basal FSH concentration or FSH pulse amplitude in anoestrous mares. These data do not support the hypothesis that dopamine inhibits reproductive activity by suppressing GnRH secretion, as it does in other species. In Expt 2, the interval to first ovulation (14.8 +/- 1.9 days; range 12-22 days) in five mares treated with sulpiride (0.5 mg (-)-sulpiride kg(-1) twice a day) housed indoors under extended daylength (16 h light: 8 h dark) was significantly shorter (P < 0.02) than in six untreated mares housed indoors under extended daylength (34.3 +/- 5.5; range 16-52 days and seven untreated mares housed outside under natural photoperiod (73 +/- 10; range 37-107 days). However, if the FSH secretion parameters at the start of treatment are treated as covariants, each has a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the interval to ovulation and sulpiride treatment does not have a significant effect. In Expt 3, the interval to first ovulation was not significantly different in sulpiride-treated (200 mg (-)-sulpiride twice a day) and untreated mares maintained outside under natural photoperiod. These results indicate that sulpiride treatment combined with increased temperature (indoor housing) and stimulatory photoperiod (extended daylength) results in a shorter interval to first ovulation and that a nonstimulatory environment decreases the effect of treatment on the interval to first ovulation. The role of FSH secretion at the time of treatment remains to be determined.